Limit of \( \displaystyle \frac{3 x + 1}{\sin{\left(3 x + 1 \right)}} \) as \( x \to - \frac{1}{3} \)
Problem 1.99 · medium
Evaluate \( \displaystyle \lim_{x \to - \frac{1}{3}} \frac{3 x + 1}{\sin{\left(3 x + 1 \right)}} \).
- \[ \lim_{x \to - \frac{1}{3}^+}\left(\frac{3 x + 1}{\sin{\left(3 x + 1 \right)}}\right) \]limitStart with the limit of the given function.✓ Proved
- \[ = \lim_{x \to - \frac{1}{3}^+} \text{NaN} \]limitIdentify the indeterminate form 0/0.Not checked
- \[ = \lim_{x \to - \frac{1}{3}^+}\left(\frac{\frac{d}{d x} \left(3 x + 1\right)}{\frac{d}{d x} \sin{\left(3 x + 1 \right)}}\right) \]lhopitalApply L'Hopital's Rule because the limit is of the form 0/0.Not checked
- \[ = \lim_{x \to - \frac{1}{3}^+} \frac{1}{\cos{\left(3 x + 1 \right)}} \]simplify simplifyCompute the derivatives of the numerator and denominator. Cancel the common factor of 3.✓ Proved
- \[ = \lim_{x \to - \frac{1}{3}^+} 1 \]substitution simplifyEvaluate the expression at the point x = -1/3. Evaluate the cosine term.✓ Proved
- \[ = 1 \]simplifyFinal result.✓ Proved
Answer \( 1 \)
Lines: 7 proved, 2 not checked. The answer was also checked a second way, without looking at the solution. The reviewers disagree about how one step is explained; every verdict is in the receipt.
The full receipt
| Line | Status | Checked by | Detail |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ✓ Proved | sympy 1.14.0 | line 1 is the problem as stated |
| 2 | Not checked | — | simplify left nan; no point in the sample was defined on both lines undefined where sin(3*x + 1) = 0 |
| 3 | Not checked | — | simplify left nan; no point in the sample was defined on both lines undefined where Derivative(sin(3*x + 1), x) = 0 |
| 4 | ✓ Proved | sympy 1.14.0 | simplify(a - b) reduced to 0 undefined where Derivative(sin(3*x + 1), x) = 0 undefined where cos(3*x + 1) = 0 |
| 5 | ✓ Proved | sympy 1.14.0 | simplify(a - b) reduced to 0 undefined where cos(3*x + 1) = 0 |
| 6 | ✓ Proved | sympy 1.14.0 | simplify(a - b) reduced to 0 undefined where cos(3*x + 1) = 0 |
| 7 | ✓ Proved | sympy 1.14.0 | simplify(a - b) reduced to 0 |
| 8 | ✓ Proved | sympy 1.14.0 | simplify(a - b) reduced to 0 |
| answer | ✓ Proved | sympy 1.14.0 | final line against the stated answer: simplify(a - b) reduced to 0 |
| answer, a second way | ✓ Proved | sympy 1.14.0 | SymPy took the limit from both sides and got the stated value |
Reviewers
gpt-oss:20b: fail (error) — Step 2 incorrectly applies the rule "limit" to the indeterminate form 0/0. The expression 0/0 is not a limit; it is just the value of the function at the point. This step changes more than one thing (it replaces the entire limit expression with a numeric form) and mislabels the operation.qwen3.6:27b-mlx: pass
Every verdict on record (4)
qwen3.6:27b-mlx: pass 2026-10-03gpt-oss:20b: fail (error) 2026-10-03 — Step 2 incorrectly applies the rule "limit" to the indeterminate form 0/0. The expression 0/0 is not a limit; it is just the value of the function at the point. This step changes more than one thing (it replaces the entire limit expression with a numeric form) and mislabels the operation.qwen3.6:27b-mlx: pass 2026-10-03gpt-oss:20b: pass 2026-10-03
Proved: SymPy reduced the difference between the two sides to zero. Checked independently: a separate
method, named above, confirmed it. Checked numerically: the two sides agree at every sampled point, which is evidence,
not proof. Reviewed: a model or a person read it; that is all a sentence can have. Solution by
gemma4:26b, checked 2026-10-03 with SymPy 1.14.0.