∫Calc Practice

Limit of \( \displaystyle \frac{\sin{\left(12 x + 4 \right)}}{9 x + 3} \) as \( x \to - \frac{1}{3} \)

Problem 1.87 · medium

Evaluate \( \displaystyle \lim_{x \to - \frac{1}{3}} \frac{\sin{\left(12 x + 4 \right)}}{3 \left(3 x + 1\right)} \).
  1. \[ \lim_{x \to - \frac{1}{3}^+}\left(\frac{\sin{\left(12 x + 4 \right)}}{9 x + 3}\right) \]
    limit algebraStart with the original limit expression. Distribute the 3 in the denominator.✓ Proved
  2. \[ = \lim_{x \to - \frac{1}{3}^+}\left(\frac{\frac{d}{d x} \sin{\left(12 x + 4 \right)}}{\frac{d}{d x} \left(9 x + 3\right)}\right) \]
    lhopitalThe limit is an indeterminate form 0/0, so apply L'Hopital's rule.✓ Proved
  3. \[ = \lim_{x \to - \frac{1}{3}^+}\left(\frac{4 \cos{\left(12 x + 4 \right)}}{3}\right) \]
    simplifyCompute the derivatives of the numerator and denominator.✓ Proved
  4. \[ = \frac{4}{3} \]
    limit simplify simplifyEvaluate the limit by substituting x = -1/3. Simplify the fraction and the argument of the cosine. Since cos(0) = 1, the final value is 4/3.✓ Proved
Answer \( \frac{4}{3} \)

✓ Nihil obstat Every line of this solution was proved by the computer algebra system SymPy. The answer was also checked a second way, without looking at the solution. Reviewers found nothing wrong with the explanation.

The full receipt
LineStatusChecked byDetail
1✓ Provedsympy 1.14.0line 1 is the problem as stated
2✓ Provedsympy 1.14.0simplify(a - b) reduced to 0
undefined where 9*x + 3 = 0
3✓ Provedsympy 1.14.0simplify(a - b) reduced to 0
undefined where 9*x + 3 = 0
undefined where Derivative(9*x + 3, x) = 0
4✓ Provedsympy 1.14.0simplify(a - b) reduced to 0
undefined where Derivative(9*x + 3, x) = 0
5✓ Provedsympy 1.14.0simplify(a - b) reduced to 0
6✓ Provedsympy 1.14.0simplify(a - b) reduced to 0
7✓ Provedsympy 1.14.0simplify(a - b) reduced to 0
answer✓ Provedsympy 1.14.0final line against the stated answer: simplify(a - b) reduced to 0
answer, a second way✓ Provedsympy 1.14.0SymPy took the limit from both sides and got the stated value

Reviewers

  • gpt-oss:20b: pass
  • qwen3.6:27b-mlx: pass — The solution correctly identifies the indeterminate form, applies L'Hôpital's rule, computes derivatives, and evaluates the limit. Each step applies a single rule and is labeled correctly.
Every verdict on record (4)
  • qwen3.6:27b-mlx: pass 2026-10-03 — The solution correctly identifies the indeterminate form, applies L'Hôpital's rule, computes derivatives, and evaluates the limit. Each step applies a single rule and is labeled correctly.
  • gpt-oss:20b: pass 2026-10-03
  • qwen3.6:27b-mlx: pass 2026-09-30 — The solution correctly applies L'Hopital's rule to the 0/0 indeterminate form and simplifies the resulting expression accurately.
  • gpt-oss:20b: pass 2026-09-30

Proved: SymPy reduced the difference between the two sides to zero. Checked independently: a separate method, named above, confirmed it. Checked numerically: the two sides agree at every sampled point, which is evidence, not proof. Reviewed: a model or a person read it; that is all a sentence can have. Solution by gemma4:26b, checked 2026-10-03 with SymPy 1.14.0.