Limit of \( \displaystyle \frac{- x + e^{x - 1}}{\left(x - 1\right)^{2}} \) as \( x \to 1 \)
Problem 1.740 · medium Video
Evaluate \( \displaystyle \lim_{x \to 1} \frac{- x + e^{x - 1}}{\left(x - 1\right)^{2}} \).
- \[ \lim_{x \to 1^+}\left(\frac{- x + e^{x - 1}}{\left(x - 1\right)^{2}}\right) \]limitStart with the original limit.✓ Proved
- \[ = \lim_{x \to 1^+}\left(\frac{\frac{d}{d x} \left(- x + e^{x - 1}\right)}{\frac{d}{d x} \left(x - 1\right)^{2}}\right) \]lhopitalApply L'Hopital's rule since the limit is an indeterminate form 0/0.✓ Proved
- \[ = \lim_{x \to 1^+}\left(\frac{e^{x - 1} - 1}{2 x - 2}\right) \]simplifyCompute the derivatives.✓ Proved
- \[ = \lim_{x \to 1^+}\left(\frac{\frac{d}{d x} \left(e^{x - 1} - 1\right)}{\frac{d}{d x} \left(2 x - 2\right)}\right) \]lhopitalApply L'Hopital's rule again.✓ Proved
- \[ = \lim_{x \to 1^+}\left(\frac{e^{x - 1}}{2}\right) \]simplifyCompute the derivatives.✓ Proved
- \[ = \frac{1}{2} \]limit simplifyEvaluate the limit by substituting x = 1. Simplify the final value.✓ Proved
Answer \( \frac{1}{2} \)
✓ Nihil obstat Every line of this solution was proved by the computer algebra system SymPy. The answer was also checked a second way, without looking at the solution. Reviewers found nothing wrong with the explanation. How we verify
The full receipt
| Line | Status | Checked by | Detail |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ✓ Proved | sympy 1.14.0 | line 1 is the problem as stated |
| 2 | ✓ Proved | sympy 1.14.0 | simplify(a - b) reduced to 0 undefined where x - 1 = 0 undefined where Derivative((x - 1)**2, x) = 0 |
| 3 | ✓ Proved | sympy 1.14.0 | simplify(a - b) reduced to 0 undefined where Derivative((x - 1)**2, x) = 0 undefined where 2*x - 2 = 0 |
| 4 | ✓ Proved | sympy 1.14.0 | simplify(a - b) reduced to 0 undefined where 2*x - 2 = 0 undefined where Derivative(2*x - 2, x) = 0 |
| 5 | ✓ Proved | sympy 1.14.0 | simplify(a - b) reduced to 0 undefined where Derivative(2*x - 2, x) = 0 |
| 6 | ✓ Proved | sympy 1.14.0 | simplify(a - b) reduced to 0 |
| 7 | ✓ Proved | sympy 1.14.0 | simplify(a - b) reduced to 0 |
| answer | ✓ Proved | sympy 1.14.0 | final line against the stated answer: simplify(a - b) reduced to 0 |
| answer, a second way | ✓ Proved | sympy 1.14.0 | SymPy took the limit from both sides and got the stated value |
Reviewers
gpt-oss:20b: passqwen3.6:27b-mlx: pass — The solution correctly applies L'Hôpital's rule twice and simplifies the derivatives accurately. Each step changes only one aspect of the expression and uses valid labels from the fixed vocabulary.
Every verdict on record (6)
qwen3.6:27b-mlx: pass 2026-10-21 — The solution correctly applies L'Hôpital's rule twice and simplifies the derivatives accurately. Each step changes only one aspect of the expression and uses valid labels from the fixed vocabulary.gpt-oss:20b: pass 2026-10-21qwen3.6:27b-mlx: pass 2026-10-20 — The solution correctly applies L'Hopital's rule twice to resolve the 0/0 indeterminate forms. Each step changes only one aspect of the expression (applying the rule or simplifying the resulting derivatives), and the labels used are from the allowed vocabulary and accurately describe the operations performed.gpt-oss:20b: pass 2026-10-20qwen3.6:27b-mlx: pass 2026-10-20 — The solution correctly applies L'Hopital's rule twice to resolve the 0/0 indeterminate forms, with accurate differentiation and simplification at each step.gpt-oss:20b: pass 2026-10-20
Proved: SymPy reduced the difference between the two sides to zero. Checked independently: a separate
method, named above, confirmed it. Checked numerically: the two sides agree at every sampled point, which is evidence,
not proof. Reviewed: a model or a person read it; that is all a sentence can have. Solution by
gemma4:26b, checked 2026-10-21 with SymPy 1.14.0.