Limit of \( \displaystyle \frac{\sin{\left(3 x + 3 \right)}}{x + 1} \) as \( x \to -1 \)
Problem 1.307 · medium
Evaluate \( \displaystyle \lim_{x \to -1} \frac{\sin{\left(3 x + 3 \right)}}{x + 1} \).
- \[ \lim_{x \to -1^+}\left(\frac{\sin{\left(3 x + 3 \right)}}{x + 1}\right) \]limit algebraStart with the original limit expression. Factor out 3 from the argument of the sine function.✓ Proved
- \[ = \lim_{x \to -1^+}\left(\frac{\frac{d}{d x} \sin{\left(3 x + 3 \right)}}{\frac{d}{d x} \left(x + 1\right)}\right) \]lhopitalThe limit is an indeterminate form of type 0/0, so apply L'Hôpital's rule.✓ Proved
- \[ = \lim_{x \to -1^+}\left(3 \cos{\left(3 x + 3 \right)}\right) \]simplifyCompute the derivatives of the numerator and denominator.✓ Proved
- \[ = 3 \]substitution simplifySubstitute the value x = -1 into the expression. Evaluate the cosine of zero.✓ Proved
Answer \( 3 \)
✓ Nihil obstat Every line of this solution was proved by the computer algebra system SymPy. The answer was also checked a second way, without looking at the solution. Reviewers found nothing wrong with the explanation.
The full receipt
| Line | Status | Checked by | Detail |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ✓ Proved | sympy 1.14.0 | line 1 is the problem as stated |
| 2 | ✓ Proved | sympy 1.14.0 | simplify(a - b) reduced to 0 undefined where x + 1 = 0 |
| 3 | ✓ Proved | sympy 1.14.0 | simplify(a - b) reduced to 0 undefined where x + 1 = 0 undefined where Derivative(x + 1, x) = 0 |
| 4 | ✓ Proved | sympy 1.14.0 | simplify(a - b) reduced to 0 undefined where Derivative(x + 1, x) = 0 |
| 5 | ✓ Proved | sympy 1.14.0 | simplify(a - b) reduced to 0 |
| 6 | ✓ Proved | sympy 1.14.0 | simplify(a - b) reduced to 0 |
| answer | ✓ Proved | sympy 1.14.0 | final line against the stated answer: simplify(a - b) reduced to 0 |
| answer, a second way | ✓ Proved | sympy 1.14.0 | SymPy took the limit from both sides and got the stated value |
Reviewers
gpt-oss:20b: passqwen3.6:27b-mlx: pass
Every verdict on record (4)
gpt-oss:20b: pass 2026-10-06qwen3.6:27b-mlx: pass 2026-10-06qwen3.6:27b-mlx: pass 2026-10-06 — The solution correctly identifies the indeterminate form, applies L'Hôpital's rule, and evaluates the resulting limit. Each step applies a single rule and is correctly labeled.gpt-oss:20b: pass 2026-10-06
Proved: SymPy reduced the difference between the two sides to zero. Checked independently: a separate
method, named above, confirmed it. Checked numerically: the two sides agree at every sampled point, which is evidence,
not proof. Reviewed: a model or a person read it; that is all a sentence can have. Solution by
gemma4:26b, checked 2026-10-06 with SymPy 1.14.0.