∫Calc Practice

Limit of \( \displaystyle \frac{\tan{\left(x + 1 \right)}}{x + 1} \) as \( x \to -1 \)

Problem 1.136 · easy

Evaluate \( \displaystyle \lim_{x \to -1} \frac{\tan{\left(x + 1 \right)}}{x + 1} \).
  1. \[ \lim_{x \to -1^+}\left(\frac{\tan{\left(x + 1 \right)}}{x + 1}\right) \]
    limitIdentify the limit to be evaluated.✓ Proved
  2. \[ = \lim_{x \to -1^+}\left(\frac{\sin{\left(x + 1 \right)}}{\left(x + 1\right) \cos{\left(x + 1 \right)}}\right) \]
    rewriteRewrite the tangent function in terms of sine and cosine.✓ Proved
  3. \[ = \lim_{x \to -1^+}\left(\frac{\sin{\left(x + 1 \right)}}{x + 1}\right) \lim_{x \to -1^+} \frac{1}{\cos{\left(x + 1 \right)}} \]
    limit-lawApply the product rule for limits.✓ Proved
  4. \[ = \lim_{x \to -1^+} \frac{1}{\cos{\left(x + 1 \right)}} \]
    limitEvaluate the first limit using the fundamental trigonometric limit.✓ Proved
  5. \[ = 1 \]
    limit simplify simplifyEvaluate the limit by direct substitution. Simplify the cosine value. Final result.✓ Proved
Answer \( 1 \)

✓ Nihil obstat Every line of this solution was proved by the computer algebra system SymPy. The answer was also checked a second way, without looking at the solution. Reviewers found nothing wrong with the explanation.

The full receipt
LineStatusChecked byDetail
1✓ Provedsympy 1.14.0line 1 is the problem as stated
2✓ Provedsympy 1.14.0simplify(a - b) reduced to 0
tan has poles at odd multiples of pi/2
undefined where x + 1 = 0
undefined where cos(x + 1) = 0
3✓ Provedsympy 1.14.0simplify(a - b) reduced to 0
undefined where cos(x + 1) = 0
undefined where x + 1 = 0
4✓ Provedsympy 1.14.0simplify(a - b) reduced to 0
undefined where cos(x + 1) = 0
undefined where x + 1 = 0
5✓ Provedsympy 1.14.0simplify(a - b) reduced to 0
undefined where cos(x + 1) = 0
6✓ Provedsympy 1.14.0simplify(a - b) reduced to 0
7✓ Provedsympy 1.14.0simplify(a - b) reduced to 0
answer✓ Provedsympy 1.14.0final line against the stated answer: simplify(a - b) reduced to 0
answer, a second way✓ Provedsympy 1.14.0SymPy took the limit from both sides and got the stated value

Reviewers

  • gpt-oss:20b: pass
  • qwen3.6:27b-mlx: pass — The solution correctly applies the limit laws and standard trigonometric limits. Each step changes only one aspect of the expression and uses valid labels from the fixed vocabulary.
Every verdict on record (4)
  • qwen3.6:27b-mlx: pass 2026-10-03 — The solution correctly applies the limit laws and standard trigonometric limits. Each step changes only one aspect of the expression and uses valid labels from the fixed vocabulary.
  • gpt-oss:20b: pass 2026-10-03
  • qwen3.6:27b-mlx: pass 2026-10-03 — The solution correctly applies the limit laws and standard trigonometric limits. Each step changes only one aspect of the expression and uses valid labels from the fixed vocabulary.
  • gpt-oss:20b: pass 2026-10-03

Proved: SymPy reduced the difference between the two sides to zero. Checked independently: a separate method, named above, confirmed it. Checked numerically: the two sides agree at every sampled point, which is evidence, not proof. Reviewed: a model or a person read it; that is all a sentence can have. Solution by gemma4:26b, checked 2026-10-03 with SymPy 1.14.0.