Limit of \( \displaystyle \frac{2 x + 1}{\sin{\left(2 x + 1 \right)}} \) as \( x \to - \frac{1}{2} \)
Problem 1.123 · medium
Evaluate \( \displaystyle \lim_{x \to - \frac{1}{2}} \frac{2 x + 1}{\sin{\left(2 x + 1 \right)}} \).
- \[ \lim_{x \to - \frac{1}{2}^+}\left(\frac{2 x + 1}{\sin{\left(2 x + 1 \right)}}\right) \]limitStart with the limit definition.✓ Proved
- \[ = \lim_{x \to - \frac{1}{2}^+}\left(\frac{\frac{d}{d x} \left(2 x + 1\right)}{\frac{d}{d x} \sin{\left(2 x + 1 \right)}}\right) \]lhopitalThe limit is of the form 0/0, so we apply L'Hopital's rule.✓ Proved
- \[ = \lim_{x \to - \frac{1}{2}^+} \frac{1}{\cos{\left(2 x + 1 \right)}} \]simplify algebraCompute the derivatives of the numerator and denominator. Simplify the fraction by canceling the common factor 2.✓ Proved
- \[ = \lim_{x \to - \frac{1}{2}^+} 1 \]substitution simplifyEvaluate the expression inside the limit at x = -1/2. Evaluate the cosine of 0.✓ Proved
- \[ = 1 \]limitThe final value of the limit is 1.✓ Proved
Answer \( 1 \)
✓ Nihil obstat Every line of this solution was proved by the computer algebra system SymPy. The answer was also checked a second way, without looking at the solution. Reviewers found nothing wrong with the explanation.
The full receipt
| Line | Status | Checked by | Detail |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ✓ Proved | sympy 1.14.0 | line 1 is the problem as stated |
| 2 | ✓ Proved | sympy 1.14.0 | simplify(a - b) reduced to 0 undefined where sin(2*x + 1) = 0 undefined where Derivative(sin(2*x + 1), x) = 0 |
| 3 | ✓ Proved | sympy 1.14.0 | simplify(a - b) reduced to 0 undefined where Derivative(sin(2*x + 1), x) = 0 undefined where cos(2*x + 1) = 0 |
| 4 | ✓ Proved | sympy 1.14.0 | simplify(a - b) reduced to 0 undefined where cos(2*x + 1) = 0 |
| 5 | ✓ Proved | sympy 1.14.0 | simplify(a - b) reduced to 0 undefined where cos(2*x + 1) = 0 |
| 6 | ✓ Proved | sympy 1.14.0 | simplify(a - b) reduced to 0 |
| 7 | ✓ Proved | sympy 1.14.0 | simplify(a - b) reduced to 0 |
| answer | ✓ Proved | sympy 1.14.0 | final line against the stated answer: simplify(a - b) reduced to 0 |
| answer, a second way | ✓ Proved | sympy 1.14.0 | SymPy took the limit from both sides and got the stated value |
Reviewers
gpt-oss:20b: passqwen3.6:27b-mlx: pass
Every verdict on record (4)
qwen3.6:27b-mlx: pass 2026-10-03gpt-oss:20b: pass 2026-10-03qwen3.6:27b-mlx: pass 2026-10-03 — The solution correctly applies L'Hopital's rule to the 0/0 indeterminate form, computes the derivatives accurately, and simplifies the resulting expression to find the limit.gpt-oss:20b: fail (style) 2026-10-03 — Step 3 applies the derivative rule to compute the derivatives of the numerator and denominator, but it is labeled as "simplify". The correct label should be "derivative" (or "algebra" if the step is only simplifying the resulting fraction).
Proved: SymPy reduced the difference between the two sides to zero. Checked independently: a separate
method, named above, confirmed it. Checked numerically: the two sides agree at every sampled point, which is evidence,
not proof. Reviewed: a model or a person read it; that is all a sentence can have. Solution by
gemma4:26b, checked 2026-10-03 with SymPy 1.14.0.