∫Calc Practice

Substitution with a given u

Problem 4.317 · hard

Evaluate \( \displaystyle \int \frac{3 \ln{\left(x \right)}^{4}}{x}\, dx \) using the substitution \( \displaystyle u = \ln{\left(x \right)} \).
  1. \[ \frac{d}{d x} \ln{\left(x \right)} = \frac{1}{x} \]
    So du = dx/x.✓ Proved
  2. In terms of u the integral becomes ∫ 3*u**4 du.
    Reviewed
  3. \[ \frac{d}{d u} \frac{3 u^{5}}{5} = 3 u^{4} \]
    An antiderivative in u is 3*u**5/5; differentiating confirms it.✓ Proved
  4. \[ \frac{3 \ln{\left(x \right)}^{5}}{5} \]
    Replace u by log(x).✓ Proved
  5. \[ \frac{d}{d x} \frac{3 \ln{\left(x \right)}^{5}}{5} = \frac{3 \ln{\left(x \right)}^{4}}{x} \]
    Differentiating the answer returns the integrand.✓ Proved
Answer \( \frac{3 \ln{\left(x \right)}^{5}}{5} + C \)

✓ Nihil obstat Lines: 4 proved, 1 reviewed. The answer was also checked a second way, without looking at the solution. Reviewers found nothing wrong with the explanation.

The full receipt
LineStatusChecked byDetail
1✓ Provedsympy 1.14.0simplify(lhs - rhs) reduced to 0
2Reviewedreviewers: gpt-oss:20b, qwen3.6:27b-mlxa sentence; read, not computed
3✓ Provedsympy 1.14.0simplify(lhs - rhs) reduced to 0
4✓ Provedsympy 1.14.0simplify(lhs - rhs) reduced to 0
5✓ Provedsympy 1.14.0simplify(lhs - rhs) reduced to 0
answer, a second way✓ Checked independentlysympy 1.14.0 + mpmath 1.3.0a difference quotient of the answer matches the integrand at x = 0.4, 0.9, 1.3

Reviewers

  • gpt-oss:20b: pass
  • qwen3.6:27b-mlx: pass
Every verdict on record (4)
  • qwen3.6:27b-mlx: pass 2026-10-04
  • gpt-oss:20b: pass 2026-10-04
  • qwen3.6:27b-mlx: pass 2026-10-04 — The solution correctly applies the substitution method, handles the algebraic manipulation, and verifies the result by differentiation. The steps are logically sound and mathematically accurate.
  • gpt-oss:20b: pass 2026-10-04

Proved: SymPy reduced the difference between the two sides to zero. Checked independently: a separate method, named above, confirmed it. Checked numerically: the two sides agree at every sampled point, which is evidence, not proof. Reviewed: a model or a person read it; that is all a sentence can have. Solution by generator:structured/indefinite_substitution, checked 2026-10-04 with SymPy 1.14.0.