Integral of \( \displaystyle \frac{1}{x^{2}} \)
Problem 4.196 · easy Video
Find \( \displaystyle \int \frac{1}{x^{2}} \, dx \). (Omit the constant of integration.)
- \[ \int \frac{1}{x^{2}}\, dx \]integralStart with the integral of the given function.✓ Proved
- \[ = - \frac{1}{x} \]antiderivativeApply the power rule for integration: integral of x^n is x^(n+1)/(n+1) for n != -1.✓ Proved
Answer \( - \frac{1}{x} + C \)
✓ Nihil obstat Every line of this solution was proved by the computer algebra system SymPy. The answer was also checked a second way, without looking at the solution. Reviewers found nothing wrong with the explanation. How we verify
The full receipt
| Line | Status | Checked by | Detail |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ✓ Proved | sympy 1.14.0 | line 1 is the problem as stated |
| 2 | ✓ Proved | sympy 1.14.0 | simplify(a - b) reduced to 0 undefined where x = 0 |
| answer | ✓ Proved | sympy 1.14.0 | final line against the stated answer: simplify(a - b) reduced to 0 undefined where x = 0 |
| answer, a second way | ✓ Proved | sympy 1.14.0 | SymPy differentiated the stated antiderivative back to the integrand |
Reviewers
gpt-oss:20b: passqwen3.6:27b-mlx: pass
Every verdict on record (6)
qwen3.6:27b-mlx: pass 2026-10-03gpt-oss:20b: pass 2026-10-03qwen3.6:27b-mlx: pass 2026-09-29 — The solution correctly applies the power rule for integration in a single step. The label 'antiderivative' is appropriate for finding the primitive function.gpt-oss:20b: pass 2026-09-29qwen3.6:27b-mlx: pass 2026-09-29gpt-oss:20b: pass 2026-09-29
Proved: SymPy reduced the difference between the two sides to zero. Checked independently: a separate
method, named above, confirmed it. Checked numerically: the two sides agree at every sampled point, which is evidence,
not proof. Reviewed: a model or a person read it; that is all a sentence can have. Solution by
gemma4:26b, checked 2026-10-03 with SymPy 1.14.0.