∫Calc Practice

Derivative of \( \displaystyle \frac{\ln{\left(\frac{1}{\cos^{2}{\left(2 x + 2 \right)}} \right)}}{4} \)

Problem 2.959 · hard Beautiful

Differentiate \( \displaystyle f(x) = \frac{\ln{\left(\frac{1}{\cos^{2}{\left(2 x + 2 \right)}} \right)}}{4} \).
  1. \[ \frac{d}{d x} \frac{\ln{\left(\frac{1}{\cos^{2}{\left(2 x + 2 \right)}} \right)}}{4} \]
    constant-multipleStart with the derivative of the function.✓ Proved
  2. \[ = \frac{\frac{d}{d x} \ln{\left(\frac{1}{\cos^{2}{\left(2 x + 2 \right)}} \right)}}{4} \]
    chainMove the constant factor outside the derivative.✓ Proved
  3. \[ = \frac{\cos^{2}{\left(2 x + 2 \right)} \frac{d}{d x} \frac{1}{\cos^{2}{\left(2 x + 2 \right)}}}{4} \]
    logarithmic algebraApply the chain rule for the natural logarithm. Simplify the reciprocal of the negative power.✓ Proved
  4. \[ = - \frac{\frac{d}{d x} \cos{\left(2 x + 2 \right)}}{2 \cos{\left(2 x + 2 \right)}} \]
    powerApply the power rule to the inner function.✓ Proved
  5. \[ = \frac{\sin{\left(2 x + 2 \right)} \frac{d}{d x} \left(2 x + 2\right)}{2 \cos{\left(2 x + 2 \right)}} \]
    chainApply the chain rule to the cosine function.✓ Proved
  6. \[ = \frac{\sin{\left(2 x + 2 \right)}}{\cos{\left(2 x + 2 \right)}} \]
    derivative algebra algebra simplify simplifyDifferentiate the innermost linear function. Simplify the constant terms. Simplify the signs and constants. Combine the constant factor and simplify the powers of cosine. Combine the exponents of the cosine term.✓ Proved
  7. \[ = \tan{\left(2 x + 2 \right)} \]
    simplifyUse the identity sin(u)/cos(u) = tan(u).✓ Proved
Answer \( \tan{\left(2 x + 2 \right)} \)
Mind the domain. The answer is also defined at points where f(x) is not. Substituting there gives a number that is not a slope of f.

✓ Nihil obstat Every line of this solution was proved by the computer algebra system SymPy. The answer was also checked a second way, without looking at the solution. Reviewers found nothing wrong with the explanation.

The full receipt
LineStatusChecked byDetail
1✓ Provedsympy 1.14.0line 1 is the problem as stated
2✓ Provedsympy 1.14.0simplify(a - b) reduced to 0
log is undefined for non-positive arguments
undefined where cos(2*x + 2) = 0
3✓ Provedsympy 1.14.0simplify(a - b) reduced to 0
log is undefined for non-positive arguments
undefined where cos(2*x + 2) = 0
4✓ Provedsympy 1.14.0simplify(a - b) reduced to 0
undefined where cos(2*x + 2) = 0
5✓ Provedsympy 1.14.0simplify(a - b) reduced to 0
undefined where cos(2*x + 2) = 0
6✓ Provedsympy 1.14.0simplify(a - b) reduced to 0
undefined where cos(2*x + 2) = 0
7✓ Provedsympy 1.14.0simplify(a - b) reduced to 0
undefined where cos(2*x + 2) = 0
8✓ Provedsympy 1.14.0simplify(a - b) reduced to 0
undefined where cos(2*x + 2) = 0
9✓ Provedsympy 1.14.0simplify(a - b) reduced to 0
undefined where cos(2*x + 2) = 0
10✓ Provedsympy 1.14.0simplify(a - b) reduced to 0
undefined where cos(2*x + 2) = 0
11✓ Provedsympy 1.14.0simplify(a - b) reduced to 0
undefined where cos(2*x + 2) = 0
12✓ Provedsympy 1.14.0simplify(a - b) reduced to 0
undefined where cos(2*x + 2) = 0
tan has poles at odd multiples of pi/2
answer✓ Provedsympy 1.14.0final line against the stated answer: simplify(a - b) reduced to 0
tan has poles at odd multiples of pi/2
answer, a second way✓ Provedsympy 1.14.0SymPy differentiated f directly and got the stated answer

Reviewers

  • gpt-oss:20b: fail (style) — Step 2 is labeled "chain" but it only applies the constant‑multiple rule to pull the 1/4 outside the derivative. The correct label should be "constant‑multiple". No mathematical errors are present.
  • qwen3.6:27b-mlx: fail (style) — Step 2 is labeled 'chain' but performs the constant-multiple rule (pulling out the 1/4 factor). Step 3 is labeled 'logarithmic' but performs the chain rule for the outer logarithm. The labels are swapped or incorrect for the operations performed.
Every verdict on record (4)
  • qwen3.6:27b-mlx: fail (style) 2026-09-27 — Step 2 is labeled 'chain' but performs the constant-multiple rule (pulling out the 1/4 factor). Step 3 is labeled 'logarithmic' but performs the chain rule for the outer logarithm. The labels are swapped or incorrect for the operations performed.
  • gpt-oss:20b: fail (style) 2026-09-27 — Step 2 is labeled "chain" but it only applies the constant‑multiple rule to pull the 1/4 outside the derivative. The correct label should be "constant‑multiple". No mathematical errors are present.
  • qwen3.6:27b-mlx: fail (style) 2026-09-27 — Step 2 is labeled 'chain' but performs the constant-multiple rule; the label does not match the operation. Step 3 is labeled 'logarithmic' but performs the chain rule for the outer logarithm; while 'logarithmic' is in the vocabulary, the step is fundamentally an application of the chain rule to the log function, and 'chain' would be more precise, but the primary defect is the mislabeling in step 2.
  • gpt-oss:20b: pass 2026-09-27

Proved: SymPy reduced the difference between the two sides to zero. Checked independently: a separate method, named above, confirmed it. Checked numerically: the two sides agree at every sampled point, which is evidence, not proof. Reviewed: a model or a person read it; that is all a sentence can have. Solution by gemma4:26b, checked 2026-09-27 with SymPy 1.14.0.