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Derivative of \( \displaystyle - \frac{\ln{\left(\frac{1}{\cos^{2}{\left(2 x + 2 \right)}} \right)}}{4} + \frac{\ln{\left(\tan{\left(2 x + 2 \right)} \right)}}{2} \)

Problem 2.277 · hard

Differentiate \( \displaystyle f(x) = - \frac{\ln{\left(\frac{1}{\cos^{2}{\left(2 x + 2 \right)}} \right)}}{4} + \frac{\ln{\left(\tan{\left(2 x + 2 \right)} \right)}}{2} \).
  1. \[ \frac{d}{d x} \left(- \frac{\ln{\left(\frac{1}{\cos^{2}{\left(2 x + 2 \right)}} \right)}}{4} + \frac{\ln{\left(\tan{\left(2 x + 2 \right)} \right)}}{2}\right) \]
    sumStart with the derivative of the sum.✓ Proved
  2. \[ = \frac{d}{d x} \left(- \frac{\ln{\left(\frac{1}{\cos^{2}{\left(2 x + 2 \right)}} \right)}}{4}\right) + \frac{d}{d x} \frac{\ln{\left(\tan{\left(2 x + 2 \right)} \right)}}{2} \]
    constant-multipleSeparate the terms and pull out constants.✓ Proved
  3. \[ = - \frac{\frac{d}{d x} \ln{\left(\frac{1}{\cos^{2}{\left(2 x + 2 \right)}} \right)}}{4} + \frac{\frac{d}{d x} \ln{\left(\tan{\left(2 x + 2 \right)} \right)}}{2} \]
    logarithmicApply the chain rule for the logarithm: d/dx log(u) = (1/u) * du/dx.✓ Proved
  4. \[ = - \frac{\cos^{2}{\left(2 x + 2 \right)} \frac{d}{d x} \frac{1}{\cos^{2}{\left(2 x + 2 \right)}}}{4} + \frac{\frac{d}{d x} \tan{\left(2 x + 2 \right)}}{2 \tan{\left(2 x + 2 \right)}} \]
    chainApply the chain rule to the inner power function.✓ Proved
  5. \[ = \frac{\frac{d}{d x} \tan{\left(2 x + 2 \right)}}{2 \tan{\left(2 x + 2 \right)}} + \frac{\frac{d}{d x} \cos{\left(2 x + 2 \right)}}{2 \cos{\left(2 x + 2 \right)}} \]
    chainApply the chain rule to the cosine function.✓ Proved
  6. \[ = - \frac{\sin{\left(2 x + 2 \right)}}{\cos{\left(2 x + 2 \right)}} + \frac{\sec^{2}{\left(2 x + 2 \right)}}{\tan{\left(2 x + 2 \right)}} \]
    chain algebra algebra algebra algebraApply the chain rule to the innermost argument (2x + 2). Simplify the product of terms in the first part. Simplify the fraction involving powers of cosine. Simplify the coefficient of the first term. Rewrite the power term as a fraction.✓ Proved
  7. \[ = - \tan{\left(2 x + 2 \right)} + \frac{\sec^{2}{\left(2 x + 2 \right)}}{\tan{\left(2 x + 2 \right)}} \]
    simplifyRecognize the definition of tangent.✓ Proved
  8. \[ = - \tan{\left(2 x + 2 \right)} + \frac{1}{\sin{\left(2 x + 2 \right)} \cos{\left(2 x + 2 \right)}} \]
    rewrite algebra algebraRewrite secant in terms of cosine. Simplify the second term. Prepare for the double angle identity.✓ Proved
  9. \[ = - \tan{\left(2 x + 2 \right)} + \frac{2}{\sin{\left(4 x + 4 \right)}} \]
    algebraApply the sine double angle identity.✓ Proved
  10. \[ = - \tan{\left(2 x + 2 \right)} + 2 \csc{\left(4 x + 4 \right)} \]
    rewriteFinal simplification using the cosecant identity.✓ Proved
Answer \( \frac{1}{\tan{\left(2 x + 2 \right)}} \)
Mind the domain. The answer is also defined at points where f(x) is not. Substituting there gives a number that is not a slope of f.

Lines: 16 proved, 1 checked numerically. The answer was also checked a second way, without looking at the solution. The reviewers disagree about how one step is explained; every verdict is in the receipt.

The full receipt
LineStatusChecked byDetail
1✓ Provedsympy 1.14.0line 1 is the problem as stated
2✓ Provedsympy 1.14.0simplify(a - b) reduced to 0
log is undefined for non-positive arguments
tan has poles at odd multiples of pi/2
undefined where cos(2*x + 2) = 0
3✓ Provedsympy 1.14.0simplify(a - b) reduced to 0
log is undefined for non-positive arguments
tan has poles at odd multiples of pi/2
undefined where cos(2*x + 2) = 0
4✓ Provedsympy 1.14.0simplify(a - b) reduced to 0
log is undefined for non-positive arguments
tan has poles at odd multiples of pi/2
undefined where cos(2*x + 2) = 0
undefined where tan(2*x + 2) = 0
5✓ Provedsympy 1.14.0simplify(a - b) reduced to 0
tan has poles at odd multiples of pi/2
undefined where tan(2*x + 2) = 0
undefined where cos(2*x + 2) = 0
6✓ Provedsympy 1.14.0simplify(a - b) reduced to 0
tan has poles at odd multiples of pi/2
undefined where tan(2*x + 2) = 0
undefined where cos(2*x + 2) = 0
sec has poles at odd multiples of pi/2
7✓ Provedsympy 1.14.0simplify(a - b) reduced to 0
tan has poles at odd multiples of pi/2
sec has poles at odd multiples of pi/2
undefined where tan(2*x + 2) = 0
undefined where cos(2*x + 2) = 0
8✓ Provedsympy 1.14.0simplify(a - b) reduced to 0
tan has poles at odd multiples of pi/2
sec has poles at odd multiples of pi/2
undefined where tan(2*x + 2) = 0
undefined where cos(2*x + 2) = 0
9✓ Provedsympy 1.14.0simplify(a - b) reduced to 0
tan has poles at odd multiples of pi/2
sec has poles at odd multiples of pi/2
undefined where tan(2*x + 2) = 0
undefined where cos(2*x + 2) = 0
10✓ Provedsympy 1.14.0simplify(a - b) reduced to 0
tan has poles at odd multiples of pi/2
sec has poles at odd multiples of pi/2
undefined where tan(2*x + 2) = 0
undefined where cos(2*x + 2) = 0
11✓ Provedsympy 1.14.0simplify(a - b) reduced to 0
tan has poles at odd multiples of pi/2
sec has poles at odd multiples of pi/2
undefined where tan(2*x + 2) = 0
undefined where cos(2*x + 2) = 0
12✓ Provedsympy 1.14.0simplify(a - b) reduced to 0
tan has poles at odd multiples of pi/2
sec has poles at odd multiples of pi/2
undefined where tan(2*x + 2) = 0
undefined where cos(2*x + 2) = 0
undefined where sin(2*x + 2) = 0
13✓ Provedsympy 1.14.0simplify(a - b) reduced to 0
tan has poles at odd multiples of pi/2
undefined where cos(2*x + 2) = 0
undefined where sin(2*x + 2) = 0
14✓ Provedsympy 1.14.0simplify(a - b) reduced to 0
tan has poles at odd multiples of pi/2
undefined where cos(2*x + 2) = 0
undefined where sin(2*x + 2) = 0
15✓ Provedsympy 1.14.0simplify(a - b) reduced to 0
tan has poles at odd multiples of pi/2
undefined where cos(2*x + 2) = 0
undefined where sin(2*x + 2) = 0
undefined where sin(4*x + 4) = 0
16✓ Provedsympy 1.14.0simplify(a - b) reduced to 0
tan has poles at odd multiples of pi/2
undefined where sin(4*x + 4) = 0
csc has poles at multiples of pi
answer≈ Checked numericallysympy 1.14.0sympy 1.14.0: final line against the stated answer: simplify left -tan(2*x + 2) - 1/tan(2*x + 2) + 2/sin(4*x + 4); numeric agreement only, at 24 of 24 sampled points
tan has poles at odd multiples of pi/2
undefined where tan(2*x + 2) = 0
answer, a second way✓ Provedsympy 1.14.0SymPy differentiated f directly and got the stated answer

Reviewers

  • gpt-oss:20b: fail (error) — The final result does not match the correct derivative 1/tan(2*x+2); the simplification steps from line 10 onward introduce an incorrect extra term. The derivative of the given function is 1/tan(2*x+2), not the expression obtained in the solution.
  • deepseek-r1:70b: pass
  • qwen3.6:27b-mlx: fail (error) — Step 2 applies two rules at once (linearity of the derivative to split the sum, and the constant multiple rule to pull out coefficients), violating the one-rule-per-step constraint. Additionally, Step 3 is labeled 'logarithmic' but performs no differentiation; the actual application of the logarithmic derivative rule occurs in Step 4.
Every verdict on record (12)
  • qwen3.6:27b-mlx: fail (error) 2026-09-20 — Step 2 applies two rules at once (linearity of the derivative to split the sum, and the constant multiple rule to pull out coefficients), violating the one-rule-per-step constraint. Additionally, Step 3 is labeled 'logarithmic' but performs no differentiation; the actual application of the logarithmic derivative rule occurs in Step 4.
  • gpt-oss:20b: fail (error) 2026-09-20 — The final result does not match the correct derivative 1/tan(2*x+2); the simplification steps from line 10 onward introduce an incorrect extra term. The derivative of the given function is 1/tan(2*x+2), not the expression obtained in the solution.
  • qwen3.6:27b-mlx: fail (error) 2026-09-20 — Step 2 applies two rules at once (linearity of the derivative to split the sum, and constant multiple rule to pull out coefficients), violating the one-rule-per-step constraint. Additionally, Step 3 is labeled 'logarithmic' but performs no differentiation; it merely rewrites the constant factors, making the label incorrect for the transformation shown.
  • gpt-oss:20b: fail (error) 2026-09-20 — The final derivative is incorrectly simplified; the correct result is 1/tan(2*x+2), not -tan(2*x+2)+2*csc(4*x+4).
  • qwen3.6:27b-mlx: fail (error) 2026-09-19 — Step 2 applies both the sum rule (splitting the derivative) and the constant multiple rule (pulling out constants) simultaneously, violating the one-rule-per-step constraint. Additionally, Step 3 is labeled 'logarithmic' but performs no differentiation; it merely prepares for the chain rule application in Step 4, making the label incorrect for the transformation shown.
  • deepseek-r1:70b: pass 2026-09-19
  • gpt-oss:20b: fail (style) 2026-09-19 — Step 3 incorrectly labels the application of the chain rule for the logarithm as "logarithmic"; it should be labeled "chain". This mislabeling violates the rule‑granularity requirement.
  • qwen3.6:27b-mlx: fail (error) 2026-09-19 — Step 2 applies the sum rule to split the derivative and the constant multiple rule to pull out constants simultaneously, violating the one-rule-per-step constraint. Additionally, the final answer provided (1/tan(2*x + 2)) does not match the simplified result of the steps (-tan(2*x + 2) + 2*csc(4*x + 4)), indicating a logical disconnect between the derivation and the stated answer.
  • deepseek-r1:70b: pass 2026-09-19
  • gpt-oss:20b: pass 2026-09-19
  • gpt-oss:20b: inconclusive 2026-09-17 — reviewer response could not be parsed:
  • deepseek-r1:70b: pass 2026-09-17

Proved: SymPy reduced the difference between the two sides to zero. Checked independently: a separate method, named above, confirmed it. Checked numerically: the two sides agree at every sampled point, which is evidence, not proof. Reviewed: a model or a person read it; that is all a sentence can have. Solution by gemma4:26b, checked 2026-09-26 with SymPy 1.14.0.