Derivative of \( \displaystyle \frac{\ln{\left(\tan^{2}{\left(3 x - 1 \right)} + 1 \right)}}{6} \)
Problem 2.156 · hard Beautiful
Differentiate \( \displaystyle f(x) = \frac{\ln{\left(\tan^{2}{\left(3 x - 1 \right)} + 1 \right)}}{6} \).
- \[ \frac{d}{d x} \frac{\ln{\left(\tan^{2}{\left(3 x - 1 \right)} + 1 \right)}}{6} \]derivativeStart with the derivative of the function.✓ Proved
- \[ = \frac{\frac{d}{d x} \ln{\left(\tan^{2}{\left(3 x - 1 \right)} + 1 \right)}}{6} \]constantPull out the constant factor.✓ Proved
- \[ = \frac{\frac{d}{d x} \left(\tan^{2}{\left(3 x - 1 \right)} + 1\right)}{6 \left(\tan^{2}{\left(3 x - 1 \right)} + 1\right)} \]chainApply the chain rule to the logarithm.✓ Proved
- \[ = \frac{\frac{d}{d x} 1 + \frac{d}{d x} \tan^{2}{\left(3 x - 1 \right)}}{6 \left(\tan^{2}{\left(3 x - 1 \right)} + 1\right)} \]sumDifferentiate the sum inside the parenthesis.✓ Proved
- \[ = \frac{\frac{d}{d x} \tan^{2}{\left(3 x - 1 \right)}}{6 \left(\tan^{2}{\left(3 x - 1 \right)} + 1\right)} \]constantThe derivative of a constant is zero.✓ Proved
- \[ = \frac{\tan{\left(3 x - 1 \right)} \frac{d}{d x} \tan{\left(3 x - 1 \right)}}{3 \left(\tan^{2}{\left(3 x - 1 \right)} + 1\right)} \]powerApply the power rule to the tangent squared term.✓ Proved
- \[ = \frac{\tan{\left(3 x - 1 \right)} \sec^{2}{\left(3 x - 1 \right)} \frac{d}{d x} \left(3 x - 1\right)}{3 \left(\tan^{2}{\left(3 x - 1 \right)} + 1\right)} \]trigApply the chain rule to the tangent function.≈ Checked numerically
- \[ = \frac{\tan{\left(3 x - 1 \right)} \sec^{2}{\left(3 x - 1 \right)}}{\tan^{2}{\left(3 x - 1 \right)} + 1} \]derivative algebra simplifyDifferentiate the inner linear function. Multiply the constants together. Simplify the expression by canceling the 6s.✓ Proved
- \[ = \tan{\left(3 x - 1 \right)} \]rewrite simplifyUse the identity 1 + tan(u)^2 = sec(u)^2. Cancel the common sec(3*x - 1)^2 term.≈ Checked numerically
Answer \( \tan{\left(3 x - 1 \right)} \)
Mind the domain. The answer is also defined at points where f(x) is not. Substituting there gives a number that is not a slope of f.
✓ Nihil obstat Lines: 11 proved, 2 checked numerically. The answer was also checked a second way, without looking at the solution. Reviewers found nothing wrong with the explanation.
The full receipt
| Line | Status | Checked by | Detail |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ✓ Proved | sympy 1.14.0 | line 1 is the problem as stated |
| 2 | ✓ Proved | sympy 1.14.0 | simplify(a - b) reduced to 0 log is undefined for non-positive arguments tan has poles at odd multiples of pi/2 |
| 3 | ✓ Proved | sympy 1.14.0 | simplify(a - b) reduced to 0 log is undefined for non-positive arguments tan has poles at odd multiples of pi/2 undefined where tan(3*x - 1)**2 + 1 = 0 |
| 4 | ✓ Proved | sympy 1.14.0 | simplify(a - b) reduced to 0 tan has poles at odd multiples of pi/2 undefined where tan(3*x - 1)**2 + 1 = 0 |
| 5 | ✓ Proved | sympy 1.14.0 | simplify(a - b) reduced to 0 tan has poles at odd multiples of pi/2 undefined where tan(3*x - 1)**2 + 1 = 0 |
| 6 | ✓ Proved | sympy 1.14.0 | simplify(a - b) reduced to 0 tan has poles at odd multiples of pi/2 undefined where tan(3*x - 1)**2 + 1 = 0 |
| 7 | ≈ Checked numerically | sympy 1.14.0 | sympy 1.14.0: simplify left (tan(3*x - 1)**2 - sec(3*x - 1)**2 + 1)*tan(3*x - 1)/(tan(3*x - 1)**2 + 1); numeric agreement only, at 24 of 24 sampled points tan has poles at odd multiples of pi/2 undefined where tan(3*x - 1)**2 + 1 = 0 sec has poles at odd multiples of pi/2 |
| 8 | ✓ Proved | sympy 1.14.0 | simplify(a - b) reduced to 0 tan has poles at odd multiples of pi/2 sec has poles at odd multiples of pi/2 undefined where tan(3*x - 1)**2 + 1 = 0 |
| 9 | ✓ Proved | sympy 1.14.0 | simplify(a - b) reduced to 0 tan has poles at odd multiples of pi/2 sec has poles at odd multiples of pi/2 undefined where tan(3*x - 1)**2 + 1 = 0 |
| 10 | ✓ Proved | sympy 1.14.0 | simplify(a - b) reduced to 0 tan has poles at odd multiples of pi/2 sec has poles at odd multiples of pi/2 undefined where tan(3*x - 1)**2 + 1 = 0 |
| 11 | ≈ Checked numerically | sympy 1.14.0 | sympy 1.14.0: simplify left (-tan(3*x - 1)**2 + sec(3*x - 1)**2 - 1)*tan(3*x - 1)/(tan(3*x - 1)**2 + 1); numeric agreement only, at 24 of 24 sampled points tan has poles at odd multiples of pi/2 sec has poles at odd multiples of pi/2 undefined where tan(3*x - 1)**2 + 1 = 0 |
| 12 | ✓ Proved | sympy 1.14.0 | simplify(a - b) reduced to 0 tan has poles at odd multiples of pi/2 |
| answer | ✓ Proved | sympy 1.14.0 | final line against the stated answer: simplify(a - b) reduced to 0 tan has poles at odd multiples of pi/2 |
| answer, a second way | ✓ Proved | sympy 1.14.0 | SymPy differentiated f directly and got the stated answer |
Reviewers
gpt-oss:20b: passdeepseek-r1:70b: passqwen3.6:27b-mlx: pass
Every verdict on record (15)
qwen3.6:27b-mlx: pass 2026-09-20gpt-oss:20b: pass 2026-09-20qwen3.6:27b-mlx: pass 2026-09-20gpt-oss:20b: pass 2026-09-20qwen3.6:27b-mlx: fail (style) 2026-09-19 — Step 2 uses the label 'constant' but the operation is pulling out a constant factor, which corresponds to the 'constant-multiple' rule in the vocabulary. Step 7 uses the label 'trig' but the operation is applying the chain rule to the tangent function, which corresponds to the 'chain' rule.deepseek-r1:70b: pass 2026-09-19gpt-oss:20b: pass 2026-09-19qwen3.6:27b-mlx: pass 2026-09-19deepseek-r1:70b: pass 2026-09-19gpt-oss:20b: pass 2026-09-19qwen3.6:27b-mlx: pass 2026-09-18 — The solution correctly applies differentiation rules step-by-step, adhering to the single-change constraint and using valid labels from the fixed vocabulary. The simplification steps are algebraically sound.deepseek-r1:70b: pass 2026-09-18gpt-oss:20b: pass 2026-09-18gpt-oss:20b: fail 2026-09-17 — Step 7 is labeled "trig" but it actually applies the chain rule to the tangent function; the rule label does not match the operation performed.deepseek-r1:70b: pass 2026-09-17
Proved: SymPy reduced the difference between the two sides to zero. Checked independently: a separate
method, named above, confirmed it. Checked numerically: the two sides agree at every sampled point, which is evidence,
not proof. Reviewed: a model or a person read it; that is all a sentence can have. Solution by
gemma4:26b, checked 2026-09-26 with SymPy 1.14.0.