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Derivative of \( \displaystyle \frac{\ln{\left(\tan{\left(3 x - 3 \right)} + \sec{\left(3 x - 3 \right)} \right)}}{3} \)

Problem 2.150 · hard

Differentiate \( \displaystyle f(x) = \frac{\ln{\left(\tan{\left(3 x - 3 \right)} + \sec{\left(3 x - 3 \right)} \right)}}{3} \).
  1. \[ \frac{d}{d x} \frac{\ln{\left(\tan{\left(3 x - 3 \right)} + \sec{\left(3 x - 3 \right)} \right)}}{3} \]
    Start with the derivative of the function.✓ Proved
  2. \[ = \frac{\frac{d}{d x} \ln{\left(\tan{\left(3 x - 3 \right)} + \sec{\left(3 x - 3 \right)} \right)}}{3} \]
    constant-multiplePull out the constant factor 1/3.✓ Proved
  3. \[ = \frac{\frac{d}{d x} \left(\tan{\left(3 x - 3 \right)} + \sec{\left(3 x - 3 \right)}\right)}{3 \left(\tan{\left(3 x - 3 \right)} + \sec{\left(3 x - 3 \right)}\right)} \]
    chainApply the chain rule for the logarithm.✓ Proved
  4. \[ = \frac{\frac{d}{d x} \tan{\left(3 x - 3 \right)} + \frac{d}{d x} \sec{\left(3 x - 3 \right)}}{3 \left(\tan{\left(3 x - 3 \right)} + \sec{\left(3 x - 3 \right)}\right)} \]
    sumApply the sum rule to the inner expression.✓ Proved
  5. \[ = \frac{3 \tan{\left(3 x - 3 \right)} \sec{\left(3 x - 3 \right)} + 3 \sec^{2}{\left(3 x - 3 \right)}}{3 \left(\tan{\left(3 x - 3 \right)} + \sec{\left(3 x - 3 \right)}\right)} \]
    chainDifferentiate the tangent and secant terms using the chain rule.✓ Proved
  6. \[ = \frac{\tan{\left(3 x - 3 \right)} \sec{\left(3 x - 3 \right)} + \sec^{2}{\left(3 x - 3 \right)}}{\tan{\left(3 x - 3 \right)} + \sec{\left(3 x - 3 \right)}} \]
    constant-multiple simplifyFactor out the constant 3 from the derivative sum. Cancel the 1/3 and 3, then simplify the expression.✓ Proved
  7. \[ = \sec{\left(3 x - 3 \right)} \]
    algebra simplifyFactor out sec(3*x - 3) from the numerator. Cancel the common term in the numerator and denominator.✓ Proved
Answer \( \frac{1}{\cos{\left(3 x - 3 \right)}} \)
Mind the domain. The answer is also defined at points where f(x) is not. Substituting there gives a number that is not a slope of f.

✓ Nihil obstat Every line of this solution was proved by the computer algebra system SymPy. The answer was also checked a second way, without looking at the solution. Reviewers found nothing wrong with the explanation.

The full receipt
LineStatusChecked byDetail
1✓ Provedsympy 1.14.0line 1 is the problem as stated
2✓ Provedsympy 1.14.0simplify(a - b) reduced to 0
log is undefined for non-positive arguments
tan has poles at odd multiples of pi/2
sec has poles at odd multiples of pi/2
3✓ Provedsympy 1.14.0simplify(a - b) reduced to 0
log is undefined for non-positive arguments
tan has poles at odd multiples of pi/2
sec has poles at odd multiples of pi/2
undefined where tan(3*x - 3) + sec(3*x - 3) = 0
4✓ Provedsympy 1.14.0simplify(a - b) reduced to 0
tan has poles at odd multiples of pi/2
sec has poles at odd multiples of pi/2
undefined where tan(3*x - 3) + sec(3*x - 3) = 0
5✓ Provedsympy 1.14.0simplify(a - b) reduced to 0
tan has poles at odd multiples of pi/2
sec has poles at odd multiples of pi/2
undefined where tan(3*x - 3) + sec(3*x - 3) = 0
6✓ Provedsympy 1.14.0simplify(a - b) reduced to 0
tan has poles at odd multiples of pi/2
sec has poles at odd multiples of pi/2
undefined where tan(3*x - 3) + sec(3*x - 3) = 0
7✓ Provedsympy 1.14.0simplify(a - b) reduced to 0
tan has poles at odd multiples of pi/2
sec has poles at odd multiples of pi/2
undefined where tan(3*x - 3) + sec(3*x - 3) = 0
8✓ Provedsympy 1.14.0simplify(a - b) reduced to 0
tan has poles at odd multiples of pi/2
sec has poles at odd multiples of pi/2
undefined where tan(3*x - 3) + sec(3*x - 3) = 0
9✓ Provedsympy 1.14.0simplify(a - b) reduced to 0
sec has poles at odd multiples of pi/2
answer✓ Provedsympy 1.14.0final line against the stated answer: simplify(a - b) reduced to 0
undefined where cos(3*x - 3) = 0
answer, a second way✓ Provedsympy 1.14.0SymPy differentiated f directly and got the stated answer

Reviewers

  • gpt-oss:20b: pass
  • deepseek-r1:70b: pass
  • qwen3.6:27b-mlx: pass
Every verdict on record (15)
  • qwen3.6:27b-mlx: pass 2026-09-20
  • gpt-oss:20b: pass 2026-09-20
  • qwen3.6:27b-mlx: pass 2026-09-20
  • gpt-oss:20b: pass 2026-09-20
  • qwen3.6:27b-mlx: pass 2026-09-19
  • deepseek-r1:70b: pass 2026-09-19
  • gpt-oss:20b: pass 2026-09-19
  • qwen3.6:27b-mlx: pass 2026-09-19
  • deepseek-r1:70b: fail (error) 2026-09-19 — Step 1 is missing a rule label, which is required by the contract.
  • gpt-oss:20b: pass 2026-09-19
  • qwen3.6:27b-mlx: pass 2026-09-18
  • deepseek-r1:70b: fail (style) 2026-09-18 — Step 1 is missing a rule label.
  • gpt-oss:20b: pass 2026-09-18
  • gpt-oss:20b: pass 2026-09-17
  • deepseek-r1:70b: pass 2026-09-17

Proved: SymPy reduced the difference between the two sides to zero. Checked independently: a separate method, named above, confirmed it. Checked numerically: the two sides agree at every sampled point, which is evidence, not proof. Reviewed: a model or a person read it; that is all a sentence can have. Solution by gemma4:26b, checked 2026-09-26 with SymPy 1.14.0.